Where h is the height of fluid above the orifice. The orifice outflow velocity can be calculated by applying Bernoulli’s equation (for a steady, incompressible, frictionless flow) to a large reservoir with an opening (orifice) on its side (Figure 6.2): A drain plug in the base of the head tank allows water to be drained from the equipment at the end of the experiment. The positions of the tops of the needles can be marked to plot the trajectory. The needles may be locked, using a screw on the mounting bar. For this purpose, a sheet of paper should be attached to the backboard, and the needles should be adjusted to follow the trajectory of the water jet. The trajectory of the jet may be measured, using the vertical needles. Two orifice plates with 3 and 6 mm diameters are provided and may be interchanged by slackening the two thumb nuts. A baffle at the base of the head tank promotes smooth flow conditions inside the tank, behind the orifice plate. A scale attached to the head tank indicates the water level. A flexible hose attached to the overflow pipe returns excess water to the hydraulics bench. An adjustable overflow pipe is adjacent to the head tank to allow changes in the water level. The orifice and free jet flow apparatus consists of a cylindrical head tank with an orifice plate set into its side (Figure 6.1). Determination of the Coefficient of Dischargeĭetermination of coefficient of velocity from jet trajectory under constant headĭetermination of coefficient of discharge under constant head Determination of the Coefficient of Velocity
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